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Strain and process engineering toward continuous industrial fermentation

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第10期页码 1336-1353 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2284-6

摘要： Most current biotechnology industries are based on batch or fed-batch fermentation processes, which often show low productivity and high production costs compared to chemical processes. To increase the economic competitiveness of biological processes, continuous fermentation technologies are being developed that offer significant advantages in comparison with batch/fed-batch fermentation processes, including: (1) removal of potential substrates and product inhibition, (2) prolonging the microbial exponential growth phase and enhancing productivity, and (3) avoiding repeated fermentation preparation and lowering operation and installation costs. However, several key challenges should be addressed for the industrial application of continuous fermentation processes, including (1) contamination of the fermentation system, (2) degeneration of strains, and (3) relatively low product titer. In this study, we reviewed and discussed metabolic engineering and synthetic biology strategies to address these issues.

关键词： continuous fermentation productivity contamination strain degeneration metabolic engineering

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Multiscale process systems engineering—analysis and design of chemical and energy systems from moleculardesign up to process optimization

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第2期页码 137-140 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2135-x

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A review on membrane distillation in process engineering: design and exergy equations, materials and

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第5期页码 592-613 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2105-3

摘要： One of the problems that most afflicts humanity is the lack of clean water. Water stress, which is the pressure on the quantity and quality of water resources, exists in many places throughout the World. Desalination represents a valid solution to the scarcity of fresh water and several technologies are already well applied and successful (such as reverse osmosis), producing about 100 million m³·d⁻¹ of fresh water. Further advances in the field of desalination can be provided by innovative processes such as membrane distillation. The latter is of particular interest for the treatment of waste currents from conventional desalination processes (for example the retentate of reverse osmosis) as it allows to desalt highly concentrated currents as it is not limited by concentration polarization phenomena. New perspectives have enhanced research activities and allowed a deeper understanding of mass and heat transport phenomena, membrane wetting, polarization phenomena and have encouraged the use of materials particularly suitable for membrane distillation applications. This work summarizes recent developments in the field of membrane distillation, studies for module length optimization, commercial membrane modules developed, recent patents and advancement of membrane material.

关键词： membrane distillation recent developments heat and mass transfer wetting membrane material

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Research and practice on system engineering management of a mobile payment project

Yongkai ZHOU, Hongfeng CHAI

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第2期页码 127-137 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017011

摘要： The popularization of the mobile internet has given rise to demand for flexible and convenient payment methods. For China, it is necessary to keep pace with or even lead the trend of innovation and development in the age of mobile payment. From the perspective of systems engineering, this paper introduces research and implementation of China UnionPay’s mobile payment project. The general requirements and core engineering problems of the mobile payment project are summarized based on analyses of the characteristics and engineering difficulties of this project. Integration of innovative technologies is introduced to resolve the contradiction between ease-of-use and security. A rapid iterative development process is adopted to improve the product release efficiency as well as the users' experience. The launch of the mobile payment project also opens the window to coordinating and upgrading the whole payment industry chains.

关键词： systems engineering mobile payment engineering management method Mobile QuickPass national information security rapid iteration process financial security coordination and cooperation

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Structure controlling and process scale-up in the fabrication of nanomaterials

Chunzhong LI,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 18-25 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0305-3

摘要： Nanotechnology is already having a significant commercial impact, and will very certainly have a much greater impact in the future. The research on process engineering and scale-up will be very important for the commercial production and application of nanomaterials, because the properties and structure of nanomaterials are not only determined by the nucleation and growth process, but also strongly affected by the engineering properties, such as the mixing, the heat and mass transfer, and also the distribution of temperature, concentration, etc. This paper will present some research work in our laboratory on the fabrication of nanomaterials. Based on the chemical engineering principle and methods, many kinds of novel nanomaterials can be synthesized and their structure can be easily controlled through adjusting the parameters of the fluid mixing, and the distribution of temperature, residence time and concentration, etc. By using the micro-mixing, heat and mass transfer and reaction control methods, the host-guest nanocomposites have been assembled and assumed as the novel electroanalytical sensing nanobiocomposite materials. Based on the principles of chemical engineering, the manufacturing technologies for magnetic powders, calcium carbonate, and titanium dioxide have been developed for commercial-scale production, and the largest production scale has reached 15 kt/year.

关键词： scale-up significant commercial electroanalytical engineering laboratory

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Establishing Profiles for Systems Engineering Standards: A Great Help for Companies to Manage Their Processes

Rui Xue,Claude Baron,Philippe Esteban,Qiang Zhang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第3期页码 297-303 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014036

摘要： In this paper, we discuss how to establish profiles of system engineering standards for companies. To define an appropriate system engineering standard for a company, this paper presents a detailed comparison between the current releases of the main system engineering sta-ndards (ANSI/ EIA-632, ISO/IEC-15288 and IEEE-1220), and explains how to choose the most adapted one according to the company practices. When no standard completely corresponds, the paper illustrates how to elaborate a tailor-made standard on the basis of specific required characteristics of the company or of the project, following a multi-standard approach, leading to extend and adapt a sta-ndard by importing some elements from another.

关键词： system engineering analysis comparison systems engineering management process multi-standards approach

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Erratum to ‘‘Modeling and Experimental Validation of the Electron Beam Selective Melting Process” [Engineering 3 (2017) 701–707] Erratum

Wentao Yan, Ya Qian, Weixin Ma, Bin Zhou, Yongxing Shen, Feng Lin

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第1期页码 164-164 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2017.12.012

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流程工业智能制造展望：过程系统工程师面临的挑战

Lockhart Bogle Ian David

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第2期页码 161-165 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.02.003

摘要：

本文讨论了流程工业智能制造对过程系统工程(PSE) 研究人员提出的挑战。现有的研究在实现全厂和全站点优化方面已经取得了很大进展，进行基准化测试能够增加说服力。本文进一步讨论了过程系统工程师在开发可用工具和技术时遇到的技术性挑战，包括灵活性和不确定性，响应性和敏捷性，鲁棒性和安全性，混合物性质和功能的预测，以及新的建模和数学范式。利用大数据进行智能化开发来驱动系统灵活性需要面对新的挑战，例如，如何在漫长又复杂的供应链中确保数据的一致性和机密性。建模方面也存在很多挑战，涉及如何对所有的关键技术进行恰当的建模，特别是健康、安全和环境方面，需要在特定地点对微小却关键的量进行准确预测。对环境方面的关注要求我们紧密跟踪所有的分子种类，以便于它们能被最佳地用于创造可持续的解决方案。而源自于新型个性化产品的破坏性商业模式对环境的影响则难以预测。

关键词：智能制造过程系统工程不确定性灵活性优化基于模型的控制

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面向绿色过程的膜工程 Review

Francesca Macedonio, Enrico Drioli

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第3期页码 290-298 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.03.026

摘要：

绿色过程工程是实现工业可持续发展的一个重要途径。基于过程强化原则，它涉及新设备和新过程方法，期望能够给化学及其他生产领域和过程领域带来根本进步，比如降低生产成本、减小设备尺寸、降低能耗、减少废物产生及改进远程控制、信息流控制和过程弹性等。膜技术为过程强化原则做出了很大的贡献，在过去这些年，其潜力获得了广泛的认可。本文综合分析了膜技术在水处理、能源生产和天然材料提取等工业领域的应用和前景，重点强调了创新膜集成单元的协同使用存在的机遇，介绍了集成膜系统在海水淡化与原材料生产耦合工艺中的一个应用案例。本文将说明膜工程在实现“零排放”“原材料全利用”和“低能耗”等目标中的作用。

关键词：膜工程能源/ 水 / 原材料生产超越反渗透法海水淡化

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工业绿色发展工程科技战略及对策

“工业绿色发展工程科技战略及对策研究”课题组

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第7期页码 32-36

摘要：

本文针对钢铁、有色、石化、化工、建材、造纸等流程制造业及所涉及行业的通用机械和某些高耗能的工业装备的绿色发展问题开展研究，分析了绿色发展、循环发展、低碳发展之间的内涵与关系，分析研究了当前以六大流程制造业为代表的流程制造业和工业装备领域所处现状和面临的挑战，以及对绿色发展具有的重要影响；并结合六大流程制造业能源消费总量和污染物排放总量的峰值分析，提出了工业绿色发展工程科技战略的思路和目标，强调流程制造业应在拓展功能基础上融入循环经济，并提出了若干引领性重大工程和相应的示范带动项目以及一系列关键技术。中图分类号：T-1

关键词：流程制造业；工业装备；绿色发展；拐点分析；工程科技；战略对策

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Heat, mass, and work exchange networks

Zhiyou CHEN, Jingtao WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第4期页码 484-502 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1221-5

摘要： Heat (energy), water (mass), and work (pressure) are the most fundamental utilities for operation units in chemical plants. To reduce energy consumption and diminish environment hazards, various integration methods have been developed. The application of heat exchange networks (HENs), mass exchange networks (MENs), water allocation heat exchange networks (WAHENs) and work exchange networks (WENs) have resulted in the significant saving of energy and water. This review presents the main works related to each network. The similarities and differences of these networks are also discussed. Through comparing and discussing these different networks, this review inspires researchers to propose more efficient and convenient methods for the design of existing exchange networks and even new types of networks including multi-objective networks for the system integration in order to enhance the optimization and controllability of processes.

关键词： process system engineering integration methods heat exchange network mass exchange network work exchange network

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Integration of molecular dynamic simulation and free volume theory for modeling membrane VOC/gas separation

Bo Chen, Yan Dai, Xuehua Ruan, Yuan Xi, Gaohong He

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第2期页码 296-305 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1701-3

摘要： Gas membrane separation process is highly unpredictable due to interacting non-ideal factors, such as composition/pressure-dependent permeabilities and real gas behavior. Although molecular dynamic (MD) simulation can mimic those complex effects, it cannot precisely predict bulk properties due to scale limitations of calculation algorithm. This work proposes a method for modeling a membrane separation process for volatile organic compounds by combining the MD simulation with the free volume theory. This method can avoid the scale-up problems of the MD method and accurately simulate the performance of membranes. Small scale MD simulation and pure gas permeation data are employed to correlate pressure-irrelevant parameters for the free volume theory; by this approach, the microscopic effects can be directly linked to bulk properties (non-ideal permeability), instead of being fitted by a statistical approach. A lab-scale hollow fiber membrane module was prepared for the model validation and evaluation. The comparison of model predictions with experimental results shows that the deviations of product purity are reduced from 10% to less than 1%, and the deviations of the permeate and residue flow rates are significantly reduced from 40% to 4%, indicating the reliability of the model. The proposed method provides an efficient tool for process engineering to simulate the membrane recovery process.

关键词： membrane vapor separation membrane process modeling process engineering free volume theory volatile organic compound

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制药工业中结晶过程的最新进展 Review

高振国, Rohani Sohrab, 龚俊波, 王静康

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第3期页码 343-353 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.03.022

摘要：

结晶是古老的分离与提纯单元操作之一，如今已发展成为生产具有特定性质的高附加值产品以及建立高效制造过程的技术。本文中，我们综述了制药工业中晶体工程以及结晶过程设计和控制的最新研究进展，系统地总结了理解和开发新型晶体如共晶、多晶型、溶剂化物的方法，包括一些重要的进展，如第一个共晶药物Entresto (诺华) 的诞生以及Orkambi (福泰) 连续制造过程获批。与不同的过程控制策略和新型的结晶器相结合，传统的釜式和日渐成熟的连续结晶过程正不断地满足制药工业的需求。结晶过程的设计和控制已使几种创新型结晶器的设计实现连续操作且性能良好。本文还综述了过程分析技术最新的重要研究进展。

关键词：结晶晶体工程多晶型结晶过程设计和控制晶体粒度分布

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智能过程制造中的数据解析与机器学习——大数据时代的最新进展与展望 Perspective

尚超、 Fengqi You

《工程（英文）》 2019年第5卷第6期页码 1010-1016 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.01.019

摘要：

安全、高效、可持续的运行是工业生产过程控制的主要目标。然而，目前的技术严重依赖人为干预，因此在实际应用中体现出明显的局限性。蓬勃发展的大数据时代对流程工业产生了巨大的影响，为实现智能制造提供了前所未有的机遇。这种新的生产方式不仅要求机器能够帮助人类减轻繁重的体力劳动，还要能有效地承担智力劳动，甚至能够实现自主创新。为了实现这一目标，数据分析与机器学习扮演着不可或缺的角色。在本文中，我们回顾了数据分析和机器学习在工业生产过程监控、控制和优化方面的最新进展，着重分析机器学习模型的可解释性和功能性。通过分析实际需求与研究现状之间的差距，为未来的研究方向给出了建议。

关键词：大数据机器学习智能制造过程系统工程

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化学工程中机器学习的优势、限制、机会和挑战 Perspective

Maarten R. Dobbelaere, Pieter P. Plehiers, Ruben Van de Vijver, Christian V. Stevens, Kevin M. Van Geem

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第9期页码 1201-1211 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.03.019

摘要：

化学工程师依靠模型进行工程设计、研究和日常决策制定，因为这些工作通常会伴有较大的财务和安全方面的风险。数十年来，将人工智能和化学工程进行有机结合用于建模的努力仍未满足预期效果。在过去的五年中，数据和计算资源的可获性不断提高，使基于机器学习的研究再度兴起。研究者最近努力为化学应用和新的机器学习框架开发大型数据库、基准测试集和表征，这些努力促进了机器学习技术在研究领域的推广。与传统建模技术相比，机器学习具有显著的优势，包括灵活性、精度和执行速度。但有利也有弊，比如机器学习中黑盒模型就缺乏可解释性。其最大的机遇包括在时间有限的应用场合中使用机器学习，比如需要高精度的实时优化和规划技术，并且可以建立具有自学习能力的模型去识别模式，从数据中学习，并随着时间的推移变得更加智能。然而，现在人工智能研究最大的挑战是不恰当的使用，因为大多数化学工程师只在计算机科学和数据分析方面受到有限的培训。尽管如此，机器学习肯定也会成为化学工程师建模工具箱中值得信赖的基础工具。

关键词：人工智能机器学习反应工程过程工程